1. accustomed adj.通常的, 习惯的, 按照风俗习惯的

　　例1 Her accustomed smile makes her popular in the company. 她惯常的微笑使她在公司很受欢迎。

　　[拓展] be/become accustomed to=be used to习惯于某事

　　例2 The little boy is accustomed to hard work at his stepmother’s home. 在继母家里小男孩已习惯了干累活。

　　例3 I’m not accustomed to getting up so early to do morning exercise. 我不习惯这么早起床进行晨练。

　　[考题例析] The family moved to the south from the north years ago, and now they are _____to hot and wet weather.

　　A. suitable B. accustomed

　　C. familiar D. agreeable

　　解析 选B suitable 适合的；agreeable使人愉快的, 惬意的, 适合的； familiar熟悉的。根据前半句 “从北方移居到南方数年”，可推测是习惯了南方的天气。所以用B最合乎题意。

　　2. add vt. 增加, 添加, 计算……总和, 补充说, 又说vi. 加, 加起来, 增添, 做加法

　　例4 I should like to add that we are pleased with the test result. 我还要补充说一下,我们对测试结果表示满意。

　　[拓展] add up加算，合计；合乎情理，合情合理；add up to 总计为，总数达；add to增添

　　例5 He wrote down the weight of each stone and then added up all the weights.他把每一块石头的重量记下来，然后把所有的重量加在一起。

　　例6 The various facts in their report just don’t add up. 他们报告中的各方面材料根本串不起来。

　　[考题例析] Please ____ the numbers and I’m sure they will ____ more than 1000.

　　A. add up; add B. add up; add up

　　C. add up; add up to D. add; add up

　　解析 选C 根据题意，第一空为“将数字相加”，用add或add up都可以；第二空显然是得出的总数，应选用add up to“加起来”。

　　3. proper adj. 适当的, 正确的,正当的

　　例7 You aren’t wearing proper clothes for this hot weather. 这么热的天气，你穿的衣服不合适。

　　[派生]　properly adv.适当地；正确地

　　例8 You haven’t done the job properly， you’ll have to do it again. 你没有做对这件工作，你得重做。

　　[考题例析]　I don’t think the boy is too small to look after the dog ____.

　　A. correctly B. exactly

　　C. properly D. accurately

　　解析 选C correctly, exactly, accurately三个选项的意思都强调 “准确无误地”，properly强调适当。

　　4. admit许可进入，准许进入；容纳, 容许；承认；供认

　　例9 This ticket admits two people to the football match.　这张票可供两人入场看足球赛。

　　例10 He never admits that he is wrong.他从不承认自己错了。

　　【辨析】 admit, acknowledge, confess均表“承认”。

　　admit通常指因屈服于外力或受自己良心或判断的指使而承认某事物的真实性；

　　例11 I admit that he is right. 我承认他是对的。

　　acknowledge指对某事物的存在或真实性作公开承认；

　　例12 They now have acknowledged defeat. 他们现在承认失败了。

　　confess指对本身不利或犯罪事实的承认；

　　例13 I confess I’m a coward.我承认我是个懦夫。

　　[考题例析] Only those with special talent are ___ to the newly built art school.

　　A. accepted B. received

　　C. admitted D. permitted

　　解析 选C学校招生通常用admit/be admitted to。

　　5. abundant adj. 丰富的, 充裕的

　　例14 Some small countries are very rich because of abundant petroleum deposits．一些小国家因为石油储量丰富而非常富有。

　　[派生]　abundance n. 丰富, 大量

　　[拓展] in abundance, be abundant in =be rich in富于，含有丰富的……

　　例15 The area was abundant in natural resources last century. 这个地区上个世纪自然资源丰富。

　　[考题例析] The war broke out as a result of seizing the right to explore the coast_____ oil.

　　A. abundant in B. was abundant in

　　C. rich with D. poor in

　　解析 选A abundant in作the coast的定语;B缺关系代词that或which；C错误，应用in；D不符句意。
  共5页: 1 [2] [3] [4] [5] 下一页   

　　6. gain n. 营利，获利，收益；增加，增进； (指钟表)快

　　例16 He quickly gained experience.他很快就有经验了。

　　例17 Only after ten years in the country did she gain her citizenship.她在这个国家住了十年后才取得了公民身份。

　　[派生] gainer获利者，获胜者；gainful有利益的，有报酬的；gainings收入，收益

　　[拓展] gain on迫近, 赶上；gain over说服（某人）；gain an advantage over占优势，占上风；gain strength恢复体力

　　例18 He gained on the other runners in the race and finished first. 比赛中他赶上了其他的选手，最后跑了第一。

　　例19 The little thin girl is gaining advantage over the former champion. 瘦小的女孩渐渐占了前冠军的上风。

　　[考题例析]　The father warns his son shall____ nothing if he refuses to marry the rich man’s daughter.

　　A. seize B. earn

　　C. grasp D. gain

　　解析 选D 根据句意“如果儿子不与富家女结婚，将一无所获。” seize占领，抓住，理解；earn赚，得到名声，地位等；grasp意思为理解，把握；gain（通过努力）获得，获得物。显然只有D符合句意。

　　7. acquire获得, 学到

　　例20 She acquired a knowledge of the English by careful study. 她认真学习而精通英语。

　　[派生] acquired adj. 后天的，习得性的；acquisition n. 获得，达到

　　[辨析] get, obtain, acquire均指获得。

　　get是通用词，指以某种方式或手段得到某种东西，这东西可能是他需要或企图获得的，也许不是；

　　例21 I got a new car. 我得到一部新车。

　　obtain指努力工作或奋力而得到所需要的东西；

　　例22 I obtained permission to go. 我获准离去。

　　acquire强调经过自己的努力而获得某物；

　　例23 I acquired a reading knowledge of Japanese.我学会了如何读 日语 。

　　[考题例析] Our teacher is always telling us to improve our methods of studying to ____ a good knowledge of every subject.

　　A. gains B. acquire

　　C. achieve D. obtain

　　解析 选B gain多指财物的增加； achieve多指取得成就、进步等；obtain多指要获得的财物；acquire多指获得知识、习惯等。

　　8. occupy vt. 占，占用, 占领,占据

　　例24 When I came back, I found a stranger had occupied my seat by the window. 当我回来时，我发现我窗口的座位已被陌生人占去了。

　　[派生] occupied adj. 在使用中，已占用；occupation占领，职业，占有（房屋等）期间

　　[拓展]　be occupied in doing/with sth忙于……

　　例25 My uncle is occupied in building his own house.　我叔叔在忙于建他自己的房子。

　　[考题例析] The playground ______ by the construction team was returned to the students at last.

　　A. possessed B. owned

　　C. conquered D. occupied

　　解析 选D 阅读题干可知操场属于学生活动场所， 工程 队应该是占用。possess拥有（强调所有权）；own归某人所有（强调所属权）；conquer征服，战胜；三者都不符题意。

　　9. stick n. 柴枝，小树枝；手杖，拐杖

　　例26 We pick up dry sticks to make a fire． 我们拣干柴枝来生火。

　　例27 The old man walked leaning on a stick. 老人拄着拐杖走路。

　　[拓展] stick by（尤指在逆境中）继续支持/忠于某人；stick at坚持不懈；stick to坚持，不放弃

　　例28 His wife stuck by him in good times and bad. 无论境遇好坏他的妻子都对他忠贞不渝。

　　例29 If we stick at it, we should finish the work today. 如果我们接着干下去，今天就能把工作做完。

　　[考题例析] No matter what people said, Edison _____ his idea of inventing the electrical light.

　　A. keep up B. stick to

　　C. carry out D. insist on

　　解析 选B keep up保持某种状态；carry out执行，实施；insist on坚持干某事，后面常接ing形式；相比较之下，可知答案应是Ｂ。

　　10. anxious adj. 忧虑的；渴望的 焦虑的; 不安的

　　例30 We are all anxious about/for his safety. 我们都为他的 安全 而忧虑。

　　例31 He is anxious to enter for the competition.　他很想去参加比赛。
  共5页: 上一页 [1] 2 [3] [4] [5] 下一页   

　　[派生] anxiety n.忧虑；焦虑；不安

　　[拓展] be anxious for渴望，后接所渴望之物；

　　例32 He is anxious for her news. 他渴望知道她的消息。

　　be anxious about指人；

　　例33 Her mother is anxious about her. 她母亲挂念她。

　　be/become anxious at指事或物；

　　例34 He became anxious at her delay．他对她的延迟渐感不安。

　　[辨析]anxious, eager, keen均有“渴望”之意。

　　anxious着重于失望或不能获得所希冀之物的顾虑；

　　例35 They were anxious to do their best. 他们渴望着能表现得最好。（恐怕做不好）

　　eager表示因想得到某物或做某事而感到兴奋或不耐；

　　例36 The boys are eager to staｒt the football game.孩子们渴望着开始足球赛。

　　keen表示由极大的兴趣或欲念驱使而作热心的行动；

　　例37 They were keen to get the works done．他们急于要做完那个工作。

　　[考题例析] As her baby has got a fever, the mother was _____ to hear the bell indicating the end of the day’s work.

　　A. nervous B. worried

　　C. hurried D. anxious

　　解析 选D nervous紧张不安的；worried闷闷不乐的，担忧的；hurried匆忙的， 仓促的。根据空格后的hear the bell，可知母亲盼望下班的心情，并非对孩子生病的感受，所以用be anxious to do表示渴望想听到下班的铃声。

　　11. risk vt.冒着……的危险；n.冒险, 风险

　　例38 There is a risk of fire when people smoke in the bush. 人们在丛林吸烟有发生火灾的危险。

　　例39 He took a risk when he crossed the old bridge.　他冒险过这座旧桥。

　　[拓展] at risk有危险；take risks(take a risk)=run risks冒着……的危险

　　例40 Several children at risk after eating poisonous soybean milk．　喝了有毒的豆浆，好几个孩子有生命危险。

　　例41 They took risks in going through the forest with tigers． 他们冒险穿过了有老虎的森林。

　　[考题例析] While he thinks of the ____ of failure, he has made up his mind to carry out the plan.

　　A. fortune B. worry

　　C. risk D. pressure

　　解析 选C fortune运气；worry担心；pressure压力。while意思为“虽然”，结合主句中“he made up his mind to…”可知是冒着失败的危险实施计划。

　　12. abuse n.辱骂,凌辱；滥用，妄用；v.滥用，虐待，辱骂

　　[派生] abusive adj.辱骂的；侮辱的；口出恶言的

　　例42 I couldn’t believe my ears when a stream of abuse came from his lips. 他说一连串粗话时我真不敢相信我的耳朵。

　　例43 A number of officials were arrested because of the abuse of privilege． 许多官员因滥用特权被逮捕。

　　[考题例析] Whoever ____ his authority and high position for personal gain against law will be punished by law.

　　A. takes B. employs

　　C. keeps D. abuses

　　解析 选D abuse one’s authority and high position意思为“滥用职权”。其它不符此搭配。

　　13. allowance n. 津贴；补助；零花钱

　　例44 The new salesman wonders whether the company offers travelling allowance. 新销售员不知公司是否提供出差津贴。

　　[拓展] make allowance for体谅，照顾某人

　　例45 You’d better make allowance for your husband, because he has been ill.你最好体谅你丈夫，因为他一直生病。

　　[考题例析] Proper ____ can help children learn how to spend money.

　　A. income B. allowance

　　C. fare D. money

　　解析 选B income “收入”与孩子身份不合；fare车费；money “钱”的总称，与proper搭配不当；allowance常指因某一特殊目的而给予某人的钱。

　　14. consult vt. 参考；查阅；咨询；商量

　　例46 You may consult the firm by telephoning the hotline. 你可以拨打热线电话询问公司的事。

　　例47 I must consult my lawyer on this matter.　这件事我必须与 律师 商量一下。

　　[派生] consultation请教, 咨询；consultant顾问, 咨询者；consultative咨询的

　　[拓展] consult with商议，与……交换意见

　　例48 I decided which course to study after I consulted with my head teacher. 我与班主任交换意见之后决定了所学课程。

[1] [2] 下一页